Racial Profiling Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Racial Profiling - Essay Example It is a racial stereotyping that members of a certain race tend to engage in a particular crime than members of the other groups. In the event of an investigation of a terror suspect in the U.S, most of the people singled out to be suspects are always Arabs and Muslims. The process will always rely on the nationality, the religion as well as the manner of dressing; this is what Michael refers to as racial profiling. In this article, the writer points out that is important to consider ones right even if a crucial investigation is being conducted. Like it or not, the universal fundamental rights of an individual has to earn consideration and also the fact that one is always innocent until proven guilty. Much of this’ discrimination is outlawed’ in the U.S. The criteria used to identify and analyze a terror suspect have regards to being racial discrimination. It is in the conclusion that ones religion, nationality, and ethnicity are judged on the criterion of identifying a terror suspect. In the way, selection of Arabs and Muslims as terror suspects will always connect the boundary that separate suspect description and relying on profiling. A good example is when a member of the public tips an officer that a suspect of certain religion or ethnicity has engaged in criminal activity. The police start by questioning member of the same religion to rule out the fact that they have formed a gang in the neighborhood, this is racial profiling. He says that when one decides on whom to suspect or point out as a terrorist on ones thought is a mere is a generalized observation (Banks &Richard 1213-1214). Widespread observation sometimes brings you to a wrong conclusion. Another pe rfect example is when an intelligence report comes that an individual building will be bombed. The report gives a specific date at a particular time; this limited description will make the police subject all Arab

International Trade Essay Example for Free

International Trade Essay International trade is a complex process that involves both physical and abstract components. Its physical aspects include the goods that are traded such as textiles, raw materials for automobiles and manpower or human resources to name a few. Some of its abstract components include the trading policies of governments from every nation and the trading agreements between the trading parties. Issues surrounding international trade vary in terms of complexity and nature, usually involving not only the direct physical and abstract components of international trade but also other areas of concern such as geography of trading locations and the insurance of the traded goods. Since international trade involves two or more traders situated in different countries, there is the issue of trading policies. Governments usually create trading policies that international traders should adhere to. Otherwise, trade compromises will be arranged. Like typical trading activities, there is also the issue of trade agreements between the trading parties specifying what kind and what amount of goods are to be traded for a specified duration. Prior to the actual trade, trading parties from across the world first arranges the payment and financial transaction details that are compatible with the existing laws of the receiving country. Each trading party will also have to ensure sufficient manpower to handle the actual transportation of the goods which, in effect, entails the secured transfer of goods from the supplier to the receiving client. The geography between the trading countries also gives rise to several issues such as determining and agreeing which route to take and what transportation equipments should be used. The security of the trading parties especially the receiving client is another issue in international trade as smuggling of prohibited products remains a big concern.

Attitude Towards Women in Virgils Aeneid :: Aeneid Essays

Attitude Towards Women in Virgil's Aeneid In Susan Wiltshire's essay, she accuses Virgil as being a woman-hater. "Vergil is seen to portray female characters on both the human and the divine levels as irrational and subordinate, while male characters are rational and hierarchially superior" (Wiltshire) While trying to prove her conviction of Vergil's epic, she goes on to say, "for example, Perkell hypothesizes that Vergil altered the traditional stories about Creusa and Dido expressly in order to portray women as victims of the Roman mission and Aeneas's inattention." (Wiltshire) While she does admit that Vergil did not only discredit women, but men too, she felt that his feeling towards women was much more prejiduce than men. While women are labeled to be quite unstable, Virgil gives us such an indepth look at the private lives of these characters that you can't help but wonder if he was merely trying to capture what is "real" in society. "It is extraordinary that Vergil takes any account, much less the extensive account he does, of the struggles, pains, hopes, and diappointments of relationships in the private realm." (Wiltshire) I have to agree with this statement because it is quite abnormal to see this type of intamacy between characters in an epic. You can truly relate to this story. These characters are not seen just as heroic, but human. You see jealousy between women because of looks, much like we see today. Women, as sad as it is, really can be quite shallow when it comes to physical appearance. We see it all over the media with women paying thousands of dollars for cosmetic surgery so they can "feel better about themselves", but really, they are just trying to win some type of competition. We also see in the story what someone must sacrifice in order to fulfill their goals. Though Aeneas's destiny was much more grand than many of our own, we still must make choices that can sometimes hurt others. I really thought that Vergil captured our inner emotions with the affair between Dido and Aeneas.

Existing television channels Essay

Distinctiveness and originality are always key in any aspect of the media, as it allows anything to be set apart from the rest, drawing the audiences attention towards it. However distinctiveness and originality are becoming a thing of the past as ideas are running thin. Constantly we are able to see similar or replicas of past programming on our screens, whether it be in reality television, soap storylines or big dramas. The BBC have always been known for is popular programming. In the early days of the BBC, they strived to follow a common trend of having an educational programme, follow an entertainment programme. However, as such programming scheduling has been scrapped, both educational programmes do appear in the scheduling. But the question is how original and distinctive are these programmes that the BBC are producing? Well firstly the BBC have publicly admitted that they will be reducing their amounts of repeats to below 10% in their programming schedule within the next 10 years. But will this help the BBC become more original and distinctive? In one sense it will, as the BBC have become well known for having constant repeats they will now have to think ip exciting ideas to fill the slots of the original repeats. However will the BBC crumble under the pressure and resort to common concepts and genres, such as reality and soaps? Well it seems not as the BBC have made a vow to bring the best original ideas to the screen, Saying that the channel will invent, refresh and discover new passions and interests. New educational programmes such as The Blue Planet and Son of God are among the line up. With The Blue Planet exploring the earths final frontier, from the deep to the shore, from pole to pole. It revealed new and extraordinary life and behaviour that had never before been captured on film. While Son on God used breakthroughs in archaeology, astronomy, forensic science and history to help viewers make up their own minds about the man who changed the world. There is said to be no crisis of orginality in British television – though there may be for ITV. Why is this? Well for one ITV has a very important and unique posistion as the only UK channel expected to deliver a mass audience to advertisers, day in day out. With this kind of pressure on their backs ITV have the most to prove with originality and distinctiveness in their programming. Numerous programmes have catered to these needs in recent years. For example the television revival of John Galsworty’s Forsyte novels The Forsyte Saga, and also The Jury, an innovative six parter starring Derek Jacobi and Antony Sher. However ITV is not required to cater specifically for non-mainstream tastes and interests, or to meet particular requirements for innovation, experimentation or distinctiveness. That is not to say that these characteristics will not appear in ITV’s programming. Channel 4 has always stood out, as in the beginning it was designed for minority groups. But today, Channel 4 still stands out with its range of programmes, and it is often said that distinctiveness, diversity and innovation are key requirements to Channel 4’s programming. Shows such as Green Wing, Touching the Void, Spitfire Ace, My Foetus and Supernanny demonstrate that these have been achieved in every part of the schedule and with significant public impact. Channel 4 proved its distinctiveness with programmes ranging from Shameless to Hamburg Cell to Sex Traffic. Channel for has continued and progressed in supplying original and quality programmes that challenge the veiwers opinions and personal veiws. Channel 4 continued to find new formats and reach new audiences with Musicality, Cheating At Athens – Is It Worth It? , Bollywood Star, The Great British Asian Invasion and Time Team’s Big Dig. Overall i feel that originality and distinctiveness has great importance of the ever changing television market, as it sets each channel apart form one another. Also it allows us all to see the potential that these channels have and what they could do when they enter the digital age after the analogue switch off. With this originality and distinctiveness, will the Big 5 be able to compete in the digital age with numerous other channels pinning for the maximum audience share? Yes, i feel they will as they will have a step up on the other channels with their programming. However i feel that this will only happen if the Big 5 continue and improve their originality and distinctiveness in programming, instead of settling for a common concept.

Pinnacle Foods Ipo

Pinnacle Foods Inc. : Initial Public Offering MACKK Consulting Group BSAD 444. 20 April 1st, 2013 Company History Pinnacle Foods Group is a food packaging company specializing in shelf stable and frozen food categories. The company was formed in 1998 as Vlasic Foods International, acquiring several food-manufacturing brands such as Swanson TV dinners and Open Pit from the Campbell Soup Company. Pinnacle’s portfolio of iconic brands dates back in existence to the 1800s. The earliest brand owned by Pinnacle Foods, Armour Star, has existed since 1867 when Philip Armour founded it as Armour and Company.Armour was the first company to produce canned meat and was once Chicago’s most important business, helping to make the city and its stockyards the center of the American meatpacking industry. Throughout the late 1800s and 1900s, iconic brands such as Duncan Hines, Log Cabin, Aunt Jemima and Hungry Man were introduced and now are a part of the Pinnacle Foods name. Pinnacle F oods acquired Aurora Foods in 2003 when the company’s health was in jeopardy due to lawsuits in 2001.Ian Wilson, a former executive with Coco-Cola, founded Aurora Foods in 1995 using the company to purchase Van de Kamp Seafood from Pillsbury along with several other brands. As a result of major lawsuits in 2001, Wilson and other Aurora executives plead guilty to securities fraud for misrepresentation of the company’s financial statements. Jim Smith replaced Wilson as CEO of Aurora Foods until 2002, at which time motions were set in place that lead to Pinnacle’s acquisition of Aurora. Pinnacle closed Aurora’s Missouri offices and moved them to Cherry Hill, New Jersey where the currently remain.In 2007 The Blackstone Group, a New York City private equity firm, bought Pinnacle Foods for $2. 16 billion (G. S. , 2007). Since then, Pinnacle Foods has acquired Birds Eye Foods, Inc. , adding a mix of frozen and specialty brands to its already iconic portfolio. In dustry Overview * Ashley Company Overview Today Fortune Magazine ranks Pinnacle in the Top 1,000 Companies with over 4,000 employees. Pinnacle’s products can be found in more than 85% of American households and are leaders in their respective categories, holding the first or second market share position in 10 of the 12 of the categories in which they compete.Pinnacle currently focuses on growing their â€Å"leadership brands† while reinvigorating their â€Å"foundation brands†. Their leadership brands are those with the most potential for growth and innovation. These include brands such as Vlasic, Duncan Hines, and Ms. Butter-Worth’s. Pinnacle prides themselves on debuting category breakthroughs with these brands. These leading brands are used prominently in marketing campaigns that celebrate their robust vitality. Pinnacle’s foundation brands are those that have a strong and recognizable reputation in most households.Families already know and love these brands such as Aunt Jemima Frozen Breakfast, Open Pit, and Hungry-Man. Pinnacle strives to raise the bar with these familiar foods through new flavours and health benefits. Pinnacle must be innovative with these familiar brands to ensure they remain as popular as they currently are. Financial Overview Financially, Pinnacle has experienced minimal growth over the last year. Net sales increased marginally from $2. 47 billion in 2011 to $2. 48 billion in 2012 and in North America specifically, net sales grew a meager 1% from $2. 07 to $2. 08 billion.EBIT was $284 million in 2012, after giving effect to $66 million in pre-tax charges related to restructuring and refinancing. This restructuring also impacted net earnings, as Pinnacle had to pay $51 million in after-tax charges and was left with $53 million in net earnings. Despite these charges, this net income shows a strong recovery from 2011 when the company suffered a net loss of $47 million. Total capital expenditures were $7 8 million in 2012, down from $117 million in 2011. These expenditures include footprint consolidation. A summary of these figures can be seen below in Exhibit 1.Exhibit 1: Pinnacle Financial Statements It can be seen in Exhibit 1 that Pinnacle has a substantial amount of acquisition, merger and other restructuring charges. These charges are primarily related to Pinnacle closing facilities in Washington, New York, Wisconsin, and Delaware. A complete breakdown of these expenditures has been included in exhibit 2. Exhibit 2: Acquisition, merger, and other restructuring charges One of the problems that Pinnacle currently faces is their large amount of debt. They have roughly $550 million of a term loan that is due in 2014.This resulted in Pinnacle entering the market with a $300 million incremental term loan last year, dubbed F, with proceeds to be used to help repay the $550 million. Pinnacle has an additional $400 million E term loan that was syndicated earlier in 2012. This loan matu res in October 2018 and is covered by a 101 soft call premium until April 17, 2013. Proceeds from that deal were used to issue $199 million in 10. 625% subordinated notes due in 2017. Altogether Pinnacle has about $641 million outstanding under the extended term loan due in 2016 (Bisbey, 2012).This is one of the primary reasons for Pinnacle’s IPO, as will be discussed later in the report. The balance sheet below summarizes Pinnacle’s debt obligations as well as their assets and equity. Exhibit 3: Pinnacle’s Balance Sheet for 2011 and 2012 After performing a two-finger analysis of this balance sheet it can be concluded that Pinnacle has not made any drastic changes over the past two years. Assets have decreased slightly but that was coupled with a decrease in liabilities by roughly the same amount which is reasonable.Exhibit 4 is a portion of Pinnacle’s cash flow statement that helps explain these changes in the balance sheet. Pinnacle’s cash flows from financing increased 212% between 2011 and 2012, the vast majority of this expenditure being the repayment of debt. By making a number of loan repayments, Pinnacle decreased their cash and therefore their assets, while also reducing their liabilities. Exhibit 4: Cash Flows from Financing Activities Ratio| 2012| 2011| Return on Equity| 5. 9%| -5. 54%| Return on Assets| 1. 19%| -1. 05%| Return on Sales| 11. 46%| 7. 4%| Current Ratio| 2. 11| 2. 17|Quick Ratio| 1. 04| 1. 17| Debt-to-Equity Ratio| 3. 95| 4. 26| | | | Exhibit 5: 2012 Ratio Analysis of Pinnacle Group Inc. These ratios †¦ IPO The food-industry sector is changing due to increased globalization, vertical integration, and mergers and acquisitions. This is forcing many firms to look to alternatives to debt financing in order to keep up with the competition. The public equity market is a valuable option in financing the growth necessary to survive amongst competitors, as it offers access to more equity capital than coul d be attained from other sources (Stegelin & Houston, 2007).With millions of dollars in debt obligations coming up due in the next few years, it is understandable that Pinnacle is having an Initial Public Offering to raise capital. This follows suit with research that has shown that as a food-industry firm’s leverage ratio increases, the likelihood of an IPO increases as well (Stegelin & Houston, 2007). It has also been noted that the probability of a food-industry firm IPO decreases with the firm’s size and age (Stegelin & Houston, 2007). Pinnacle is currently 15 years old which is incredibly â€Å"young† compared to industry leaders Kraft and Kellogg which are both over 100 years old.This could be a contributing factor to why they are wanting to go public. This IPO will follow 13 other offerings in 2013 backed by financial sponsors such as private-equity firms. These 13 other offerings can be used to loosely predict the success of Pinnacle’s IPO, as Pin nacle is backed by private-equity firm Blackstone. These IPOs were successful, seeing an average first-day gain of 22% and are up an average of 21% from their listing dates. These results are promising in comparison to 30 other IPOs at large, showing an average 15% first-day gain and a gain of 19% from the listing dates (Driscoll, M. 2013). Another important benchmark is the IPOs of other food sellers. There were mixed results regarding the success of food seller IPOs in 2012. The health food sector showed strength with natural food companies Annie’s Inc. , Natural Grocers by Vitamin Cottage Inc. , and WhiteWave Foods Co. performing well since their IPOs. Annie’s shares have more than doubled since being listed last March while the value of Natural Grocers has risen over 40% since their listing in July (Driscoll, M. , 2013). On the other hand, Roundy’s Inc. and Amira Nature Foods Ltd. have underperformed since their IPOs.Roundy’s is a Midwestern supermark et chain and Amira is a rice seller, both of which are down about 20% from their offerings in October and February respectively (Driscoll, M. , 2013). Since Pinnacle offers processed, packaged foods, benchmarking their success from the natural, organic food IPOs is not very reliable. With people becoming more and more health conscious these days, it is not surprising that these health food companies found success in their IPOs. Although Pinnacle does carry the frozen vegetable brand Birdseye, they also carry a number of brands that would not be classified as healthy.Of the aforementioned companies, the most reliable comparison for Pinnacle would likely be with Roundy’s, the supermarket chain. Supermarkets sell a wide variety of processed and pre-packaged foods, and are the medium through which Pinnacle’s brands are sold. However, there is still not a strong correlation between the two firms. On March 27th, 2013, Pinnacle announced their Initial Public Offering of 29,00 0,000 shares of common stock at $20 per share. Pinnacle also granted the underwriters a 30-day option to purchase an additional 4,350,000 shares at the IPO price.It is estimated that Pinnacle will raise net proceeds of about $545. 2 million after subtracting underwriting costs. Pinnacle plans to use the entirety of these earnings to pay off some of their debt. They plan to redeem $465 million in aggregate principal amount of 9. 25% Senior Notes due in 2015 at a redemption price of 100%. The remainder of their IPO proceeds, along with some cash on hand, will be used to repay $119 million of the senior secured term loan B facility maturing in April 2014. IPO Success Pinnacle Foods had a very successful IPO on March 28, 2013.The company issued a total of 33,350,000 shares of common stock, including the entirety of the additional 4,350,000 shares that the underwriters had the option to purchase. Pinnacle now has a total of 117. 2 million common shares outstanding. Net of all underwritin g discounts, Pinnacle raised $627 million through this offering, which is $81. 8 million more than they had initially anticipated. Pinnacle will couple this money with $40 million of cash on hand to pay down $667 million in outstanding debt. Instead of their initial plans of repaying $119 million of their term loan B due next April, they will repay $202 million.Exhibit 6: Pinnacle Foods’ Stock Performance Since IPO as Compared to S&P 500 As can be seen in Exhibit 6, Pinnacle shares (blue line) seem to be experiencing steady growth since their IPO on March 28, 2013. This is especially positive since the S&P 500 (brown line) seems to be doing quite the opposite. Pinnacle shares have increased from their low of $22. 15 to a high of $24. 61, an 11% increase. References Driscoll, M. (2013, Mar 25). Pinnacle is hoping investors feel hungry. Wall Street Journal. Retrieved from http://search. proquest. com/docview/1319182111? accountid=13803 G. , S. S. (2007).Black stone Chows Down O n Pinnacle Foods Group. (cover story). High Yield Report, 18(7), 1-15. Stegelin, F. , & Houston, J. (2007). Factors Influencing the Initial Public Offering (IPO) Decision of Food Distribution Firms. Journal Of Food Distribution Research, 38(1), 215-216. Stratton, K. (2012). Pinnacle Foods Group Gets 55,000SF Update in Parsippany. National Real Estate Investor Exclusive Insight, 8. Bisbey, A. (2012). Pinnacle Foods Shopping $300M Incremental TL. High Yield Report, 23(34), 28. PRNewswire (2013, Apr 3). Pinnacle Foods Inc. Announces Successful Closing of its Initial Public Offering. ttp://investors. pinnaclefoods. com/phoenix. zhtml? c=223400&p=irol-newsArticle&ID=1803206&highlight= PRNewswire (2013, Mar 6). Pinnacle Foods Finance LLC Reports Fourth Quarter Fiscal 2012 Results. http://investors. pinnaclefoods. com/phoenix. zhtml? c=223400&p=irol-newsArticle&ID=1795035&highlight= Business Wire (2013, Mar 27). Pinnacle Foods Inc. Announces Pricing of its Initial Public Offering. http://i nvestors. pinnaclefoods. com/phoenix. zhtml? c=223400&p=irol-newsArticle&ID=1801326&highlight= http://www. rttnews. com/2088372/pinnacle-foods-raises-net-proceeds-of-627-mln-i

Personal Subject Pronouns in Spanish

Personal Subject Pronouns in Spanish Spanish pronouns are usually used much like their English counterparts. The biggest difference is that subject pronouns (ones used to tell who or what is performing the action of the main verb in a sentence) can be omitted where theyre required in English. In other words, subject pronouns in Spanish are used primarily for clarity or emphasis. The 12 Personal Subject Pronouns of Spanish yo - Ità º - you (singular familiar)usted - you (singular formal)à ©l, ella - he, shenosotros, nosotras - wevosotros, vosotras - you (plural familiar)ustedes - you (plural formal)ellos, ellas - they These are called personal subject pronouns to distinguish them from the demonstrative pronouns, the equivalent of words such as this and those. There is also a subject pronoun ello, which can be the rough equivalent of it, but it is rarely used. Note that even though à ©l, ella, ellos, and ellas usually refer to people or animals, they can on occasion refer to inanimate objects, with the pronoun matching the grammatical gender of the object or objects being referred to. Vosotros and vosotras are seldom used in most of Latin America, where ustedes can be used even when talking with close friends or children. How To Use or Omit Subject Pronouns Because verb conjugation often suggests who or what the subject of a sentence is, one can properly leave out the subject pronoun or put it at various places in the sentence. Voy a la escuela, yo voy a la escuela, voy yo a la escuela, and voy a la escuela yo are all grammatically correct ways of saying I am going to the school (although the final option would be highly uncommon except if said for poetic effect). But the placement of the pronoun can make a difference in how the sentence is understood. To see how these pronouns are used, examine the sentences below. Subject pronouns, where used, are in boldface: Mi hermano es muy inteligente. Es doctor. (My brother is intelligent. He  is a doctor.) - No subject pronoun is needed in the second sentence, because the subject of the sentence is made clear by the context and the verb form.Mis mejores amigos se llaman Roberto, Ahmad y Suzanne. Son estudiantes. (My best friends are Roberto, Ahmad, and Suzanne. They are students.) - The pronoun is unnecessary in the second Spanish sentence and normally wouldnt be used becauses it is clear who is being referred to.Es fcil comprender el libro. (It is easy to understand the book.) - No pronoun is used to translate an impersonal use of it.Mi hermano y su esposa son inteligentes. Él es doctor, y ella es abogada. (My brother and his wife are intelligent. He is a doctor, and she is a lawyer.) - In this case, the subject pronouns à ©l and ella are used  for clarity.Tà º, ella y yo vamos al cine. (You, she,  and I are going to the movies.) - Note that in this construction the first-person pl ural form of the verb (the one that would be used with the equivalent of we) is used. Thus it is possible to use that verb form without using the pronoun nosotros. Hazlo. (Do it.) Hazlo tà º. (You do it.) - In a command such as this, the addition of the subject often has a similar effect to its use in English. Although grammatically not necessary, the addition of the subject serves to place additional emphasis on the subject.Ella canta bien. (She sings well.) Canta bien ella. She sings well. - The pronoun would be used in the first sentence if theres no context to clearly indicate who is being talked about. By placing ella at the end of the second sentence, the speaker is placing a strong emphasis on the pronoun. The emphasis in the second sentence is on the singer and not the singing. ¿Vas a salir? (Are you leaving?)  ¿Vas a salir tà º? (Are you leaving?) - The first sentence is a simple, uninflected question. But the second one, by adding the subject at the end of sentence, is placing a strong emphasis on the person leaving. One possible translation might be Are even you leaving? Or one might render the English as Are you leaving? wi th a stress or emphasis on you. Nunca va ella al centro. (She never goes downtown.) Ya ha salido à ©l. (He has already left.) - It is common when certain adverbs start a sentence to immediately follow the adverb with the verb, followed by the subject. No special emphasis on the subject is intended. Adverbs often used this way include nunca, ya, bastante, and quizs.- Te amo, dijo à ©l. - Tambià ©n te amo, respondià ³ ella. (I love you, he said. I love you too, she responded.) - When reporting what people have said, it is common to use the subject pronoun after verbs such as decir (to say), preguntar (to ask), and responder (to reply). No special emphasis on the speaker is intended. (Note: The dashes in the Spanish sentences are a type of quotation mark.)

Sustained organisational performance

Sustained organisational performance Introduction Talent management has been cited by a number of firms as the key reason behind their continual success even during tough business times. Prioritising this area cushions organisation against externalities and better prepares them to take on challenges that they will face in the future.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Sustained organisational performance specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Talent development and sustained organisational performance CIPD (2009) claims that the relevance of training to organisational performance has taken on a totally different meaning; nowadays certain unconventional skills have found relevance in the work environment. For example, an engineer taking a coaching course may learn new skills concerning performance and productivity. Although this may be difficult to understand at the onset, it does not imply that employees should be undermined in any way for making such choices. In the end, sustained business performance can be achieved if talent development takes on a different and unconventional meaning in a firm. Today’s business environment is rapidly changing. It has become less skill based and more service or knowledge based. To this end, work has become dynamic and in order to keep up, companies must be ready to engage in continuous learning. In response to this dynamism, firms may ask their employees to think of certain creative courses that they may engage in order to promote creativity. Therefore, continual redefinitions of what learning involves in education will be crucial in ensuring sustainability in performance. One critical issue that is emerging in the area of talent development is the problem of economic conditions. Given the tough business conditions, companies have started reducing budgets allocated to talent management while others have left out the strategy altogether. In fact it has been shown that the thirty eight point five b illion pounds allocated to training in the United Kingdom will reduce in tough times. However, these organisations need to realise that for economic recovery to occur then there must be a firm commitment to talent development. Furthermore, continual learning will place them at a good position when an upturn occurs. Training organisations are also better equipped in tough times because they have a chance to retain their talent and hence be sustainable in production. Studies show that the ratio of firms that go bankrupt is 2.5 times more in firms that abandon training than those that do not so it should never be ignored. Companies cannot do without training because this essentially facilitates differentiation from other organisations and provides them with a source of competitive advantage. Some HR professionals are taking the tough times in their stride by now looking for ways of increasing value within the talent development area.Advertising Looking for report on business e conomics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More They are employing creative ways of doing so. First, some of them are substituting external coaching providers with internal ones and they are also looking for cost effectiveness in present talent development system. What this illustrates is that a high number of well performing firms are placing talent management at the top of their agenda and this translates to high return on investment thus high effectiveness (CIPD, 2008) Learning and development is critical at the workplace because it allows the utilisation of skills. In essence, this means that a large number of employees will be more productive and this will translate to high performance. For instance, during tough economic times when budgets are running low, skills utilisation is often done by offering people within the organisation opportunities to grow even though they may not necessarily be the ideal candidates for those po sitions. These persons may get an opportunity to transfer their skills so that they can do well in their new positions. Talent management allows companies a chance of building the employees in their organisation. This means that firms need not invest too much time in focusing on recruiting talent from outside. Additionally, companies will get the opportunity to work with what they have but still focus on their business objectives if they prioritise learning and development (Pearson, 2010). It implies that efficiency in talent management translates to efficiency in business processes and hence high productivity. For example, if a company has been endowed by well performing employees, then talent development will ensure that these individuals are retained and that they continue to contribute towards their organisation’s sustainability. On the other hand, some companies create high performers through talent management. By reviewing how individuals are performing, these organisat ions can ensure that they get a return on their investments and hence be profitable in tough times as well as simpler times. Talent management often encourages employees to engage in the right behaviours. Organisations have various approaches to this. Some may carry it out by ensuring that they instate reward based pay such that pay is linked to outcome. Alternatively, some may look for better ways of doing so such as through the use of rewards provided to the stated individuals. Conclusion Talent management is crucial for survival of companies. By taking training and development needs seriously, firms will build the structures needed in order to get past business obstacles and compete effectively.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Sustained organisational performance specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More References CIPD. (2009). The war on talent? Talent management under threat in uncertain times. Febrary issue, 4685 CIP D. (2008). Time to train: consulting on a new right to request time off to train employees in England. Response to Department for innovation, universities and skills Pearson Compilation (2010). Perspectives on People at Work. Essex: Custom Publishing

Biography of Adolf Loos, Architect and Rebel

Biography of Adolf Loos, Architect and Rebel Adolf Loos (December 10, 1870–August 23, 1933) was a European architect who became more famous for his ideas and writings than for his buildings. He believed that reason should determine the way we build, and he opposed the decorative Art Nouveau movement, or, as it was known in Europe, Jugendstil. His notions about design influenced 20th-century modern architecture and its variations. Fast Facts: Adolf Loos Known For: Architect, critic of Art NouveauBorn: December 10, 1870, Brno, Czech RepublicParents: Adolf and Marie LoosDied: August 23, 1933, Kalksburg, AustriaEducation: Royal and Imperial State Technical College in Rechenberg, Bohemia, College of Technology in Dresden; Academy of Beaux Arts at ViennaFamous Writings: Ornament Crime; ArchitectureFamous Building: Looshaus (1910)  Spouse(s): Claire Beck (m. 1929–1931), Elsie Altmann (1919–1926) Carolina Obertimpfler (m. 1902–1905)Notable Quote: The evolution of culture is synonymous with the removal of ornamentation from objects of everyday use. Early Life Adolf Franz Karl Viktor Maria Loos was born December 10, 1870 in Brno (then Brà ¼nn), which is the South Moravian Region of what was then part of the Austria-Hungary Empire and is now the Czech Republic. He was one of four children born to Adolf and Marie Loos, but he was nine when his sculptor/stonemason father died. Although Loos refused to continue the family business, much to his mothers sorrow, he remained an admirer of the craftsmans design. He was not a good student, and it is said that by the age of 21 Loos was ravaged by syphilis- his mother disowned him by the time he was 23. Loos began studies at the Royal and Imperial State Technical College in Rechenberg, Bohemia and then spent a year in the military. He attended the College of Technology in Dresden for three years and the Academy of Beaux Arts in Vienna; but was a mediocre student and finished none of his degrees. Instead, he traveled, making his way to the United States, where he worked as a mason, a floor-layer, and a dishwasher. While in the U.S. to experience the Worlds Columbian Exposition of 1893, he became impressed by the efficiency of American architecture, and he came to admire the work of Louis Sullivan. American architect Louis Sullivan is most famous for being part of the Chicago School and for his influential 1896 essay that suggested form follows function.  In 1892, however, Sullivan wrote about the application of ornamentation on the new architecture of the day. I take it as self-evident that a building, quite devoid of ornament, may convey a noble and dignified sentiment by virtue of mass and proportion, Sullivan begins his essay Ornament in Architecture. He then makes the modest proposal to refrain entirely from the use of ornament for a period of years and concentrate acutely upon the production of buildings well formed and comely in the nude. The idea of organic naturalness, with a concentration on architectural mass and volume, influenced not only Sullivans protege, Frank Lloyd Wright, but also the young architect from Vienna, Adolf Loos. Professional Years In 1896, Loos returned to Vienna and worked for the Austrian architect Karl Mayreder. By 1898, Loos had opened his own practice in Vienna and became friends with free-thinkers such as philosopher Ludwig Wittgenstein, expressionist composer Arnold Schà ¶nberg, and satirist Karl Kraus. The intellectual community of Vienna at the time of the Belle Epoque was made up of many artists, painters and sculptors and architects, as well as political thinkers and psychologists including Sigmund Freud: all were seeking in some way to rewrite the way society and morality functioned. Like many of his colleagues in Vienna, Loos beliefs extended to all areas of life, including architecture. He argued that the buildings we design reflect our morality as a society. The new steel frame techniques of the Chicago School demanded a new aesthetic- were cast iron facades cheap imitations of past architectural ornamentation? Loos believed that what hung on that framework should be as modern as the framework itself. Loos started his own school of architecture. His students included Richard Neutra and R. M. Schindler, both becoming famous after emigrating to the West Coast of the United States. Personal Life While Loos architecture was explicitly clean in line and structure, his personal life was a shambles. In 1902, he married 19-year-old drama student Carolina Catharina Obertimpfler, a drama student. The marriage ended in 1905 in disaster amidst a public scandal: he and Lina were close friends of Theodor Beer, an accused child pornographer and Loos tampered with the evidence, removing pornographic evidence from Beers apartment. In 1919, he married 20-year-old dancer and operetta star Elsie Altmann; they divorced in 1926. In 1928 he faced a pedophilia scandal–he was accused of having his young, poor models (aged 8–10) perform sex acts, and the main evidence against him was a collection of over 2,300 pornographic images of young girls. Elsie believed they were the same images removed from Theodor Beers apartment in 1905. Loos last marriage was at the age of 60 and his wife was 24-year-old Claire Beck, which also ended in divorce two years later. Loos was also quite ill through much of his creative life: he slowly became deaf as a result of the syphilis he contracted in his early twenties, and he was diagnosed with cancer in 1918 and lost his stomach, appendix and part of his intestines. He was exhibiting signs of dementia during his 1928 court case, and he had a stroke a few months before his death.   Architectural Style Loos-designed homes featured straight lines, clear and uncomplicated walls and windows, and clean curves. His architecture became physical manifestations of his theories, especially raumplan (plan of volumes), a system of contiguous, merging spaces. He designed exteriors without ornamentation, but interiors were rich in functionality and volume. Each room might be on a different level, with floors and ceilings set at different heights. Loos architecture was in stark contrast with the architecture of his Austrian contemporary, Otto Wagner. Representative buildings designed by Loos include many houses in Vienna, Austria - notably the Steiner House, (1910),  Haus Strasser (1918),  Horner House (1921),  Rufer House (1922), and the Moller House (1928).  However, Villa  Mà ¼ller (1930) in Prague, Czechoslovakia is one of his most studied designs, for its seemingly simple exterior and complex interior. Other designs outside Vienna include a house in Paris, France for the Dada artist Tristan Tzara (1926) and the  Khuner Villa (1929) in  Kreuzberg, Austria.   Loos was one of the first modern architects to use mirrors to expand interior spaces. The interior entry to the 1910 Goldman Salatsch Building, often called the Looshaus, is made into a surreal, endless foyer with two opposing mirrors. The construction of Looshaus created quite a scandal for pushing Vienna into modernity. Famous Quotes: Ornament and Crime Adolf Loos is best-known for his 1908 essay Ornament and Verbrechen, translated as Ornament Crime. This and other essays by Loos describe the suppression of decoration as necessary for modern culture to exist and evolve beyond past cultures. Ornamentation, even body art like tattoos, is best left for primitive people, like the natives of Papua.  The modern man who tattoos himself is either a criminal or a degenerate, Loos writes. There are prisons in which eighty per cent of the inmates show tattoos. The tattooed who are not in prison are latent criminals or degenerate aristocrats. The urge to ornament ones face and everything within reach is the start of plastic art. Ornament does not heighten my joy in life or the joy in life of any cultivated person. If I want to eat a piece of gingerbread I choose one that is quite smooth and not a piece representing a heart or a baby or a rider, which is covered all over with ornaments. The man of the fifteenth century wont understand me. But all modern people will. Freedom from ornament is a sign of spiritual strength. Death Nearly deaf from syphilis and cancer by age 62, Adolf Loos died in Kalksburg near Vienna, Austria on August 23, 1933. His self-designed gravestone in Central Cemetery (Zentralfriedhof) in Vienna is a simple block of stone with only his name engraved- no ornamentation. Legacy Adolf Loos extended his architectural theories in his 1910 essay Architektur, translated as Architecture. Decrying that architecture had become a graphic art, Loos argues that a well-made building cannot be honestly represented on paper, that plans do not appreciate the beauty of bare stone, and that only the architecture of monuments should be classified as art- other architecture, everything that serves some practical purpose, should be ejected from the realm of art. Loos wrote that modern dress is that which draws least attention to itself, which is Loos legacy to modernism. This idea that anything beyond the functional should be omitted was a modern idea worldwide. The same year Loos first published his essay on ornamentation, the French artist Henri Matisse (1869–1954) issued a similar proclamation about the composition of a painting. In the 1908 statement Notes of a Painter, Matisse wrote that everything not useful in a painting is harmful. Although Loos has been dead for decades, his theories about architectural complexity are often studied today, especially to begin a discussion about ornamentation. In a high-tech, computerized world where anything is possible, the modern student of architecture must be reminded that just because you are able do something, should you? Sources Andrews, Brian. Ornament and Materiality in the Work of Adolf Loos. Material Making: The Process of Precedent, 2010. Association of Collegiate Schools of Architecture, p. 438Colomina, Beatriz. Sex, Lies and Decoration: Adolf Loos and Gustav Klimt. Thresholds.37 (2010): 70–81. PrintLoos, Adolf. Architecture. 1910. Loos, Adolf. Ornament and Crime. 1908. Rukschcio, Burkhardt, Schachel, Roland L. (Roland Leopold), 1939- and Graphische Sammlung Albertina Adolf Loos, Leben und Werk. Residenz Verlag, Salzburg, 1982.Schwartz, Frederic J. Architecture and Crime: Adolf Loos and the Culture of the Case. The Art Bulletin 94.3 (2012): 437-57. Print.Sullivan, Louis. Ornament in Architecture. The Engineering Magazine, 1892, Svendsen, Christina. Hiding in Plain Sight: Problems of Modernist Self-Representation in the Encounter between Adolf Loos and Josephine Baker. Mosaic: An Interdisciplinary Critical Journal 46.2 (2013): 19–37. Print.Tournikiotis,  Panayotis. Adolf Loos. Princeton Architectural Press, 2002

Scholarship essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 4

Scholarship Essay Example ld involve taking up courses in specialized areas as in Economics, Finance, and Business Administration, I could project how dear costs may get in meeting the essential requirements of the chosen business program. Still, I would like to express fervent inclination and desire to be facilitated with adequate scholastic resources and flexible support of all forms once entitled by the scholarship privilege through the University of Texas at Dallas. With a GPA of 3.96, I am quite capable of applying mathematical and analytical comprehension having been engaged in tutoring Math on several fields of discipline involving business and science to fellow college students. There was even a period when the versatility of my knowledge was put to test when I handled tutorials in Chemistry, Physics, and Statistics besides the pre-Calculus requisites. This bundle of experiences as a well-rounded tutor and student majoring in business course at the same time has all the more taught me the essence of education, the impact of the quality of teaching, and the profound value in human relations. In the process, I learned about the significance of investment as viewed from a non-monetary context. To this extent, thus, I can gradually ascertain which subject matters are amply worthwhile to keep and which ones to leave behind as I seek pertinent directions toward academic ends. For this ground, I pledge to make the most of scholarship acquisition w hich I am looking forward to be granted during the Spring of 2012 at the University of Texas at

Project Management Leadership Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Project Management Leadership - Assignment Example The organization breakdown structure prods the Mason department manager to minimize spending $2,340 on labor cost. The same structure necessitates the carpentry project manager to avoid the same $ 2,900 labor cost in future activities. Further, organization breakdown structure matrix process entails scheduling the work assigned by two bosses. For example, two project managers use only one carpenter (Hartline, 2011). The two bosses will agree to divide the carpenter’s time through cooperation and contribution activities (Scott, 2011). Project management eliminates ambiguous roles and defines cost and profit responsibilities (Drucker, 1986). Question 2. When running a project to which people are temporarily assigned while reporting to their own bosses (matrix organization), the project manager updates the department managers about what the assigned department personnel are required to work on. The project manager must build a good relationship with the department personnelâ€⠄¢s boss. The good relationship ensures the same project manager can count on the help of the department bosses to get the entire project work accomplished in the shortest possible time (Lewis, 1995, p. 92). Without the good relationship, both the project managers and the department managers will not attain the entity’s performance benchmarks or goals. Managers better manage their organizational responsibilities using the matrix organization breakdown structure. In terms of theory, organization breakdown structure (OBS) is defined as the breaking down of the skill sets of the people who do the work. At any level of breakdown, the structure pinpoints responsibility for products delivery and the skill sets involved as shown in the two dimensional matrix (Turner, 2009, p. 9). Understandably, the average worker gives more loyalty to their department managers compared to their loyalty to the project team leaders. The project team leader must exert all possible efforts to persuade the team members to exert more efforts to the accomplishment of their temporary project objectives (Lewis, 1995, p. 12.) |Question 3. The project manager negotiates with the resource and provides for the use of the providers’ resources. The project manager offers payment for the use of the providers’ resources. The payment will entice the providers to accept the project manager’s request. The company will pay cash to the providers. Furthermore, the project manager will explain that the manager’s expertise in all aspects of project management is enough to ensure maximization of the providers’ resources (Phillips, 2012). In addition, the project manager must retain a good working relationship with the department managers in order to receive the required high quality labor resources (Lewis, 1995, p. 12). Question 4- DVD Marketing. Basically, project management enhances the entity’s competitive advantage over the competitors. Project managementà ¢â‚¬â„¢s matrix organizational breakdown structure (OBS) helps management make decisions using time and cost factors. The project’s scope of work includes controlling labor and equipment expenses. Expense reduction allows price reductions. Price reductions increase client demand. DVD Marketing allows costs reduction by pinpointing responsibility for

Meaning Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Meaning - Essay Example The basement and crawl space are major sources of heat loss. They can be sealed by mechanical key locks as a ventilation mechanism. The crawlspace walls can be insulated with rigid insulation. As for the base walls, a layer of insulation can be attached either on the inside or outside4. 16. ICF (Insulated Concrete Form) Foundations: a green and sustainable building system that delivers a foundation or wall that is highly energy efficient, structurally  tough, and resistant to fire fire and sound. 17. Sump pump and French-drain locations: sump pump is located in the basement and collects water that has accumulated in the water collection sump basin. The French drain is a trench with perforated pipes or filled with gravel that redirects ground and surface water away from a given area7. Doors are covered in Section R612 of the 2012 International Code Requirements. For example, during the times of fire the doors deter the spread of flames and smoke. The owner needs to be aware the hazards the glass doors could pose15. iv. COM Check – building program that allows simplifies compliance for building officials, plan checkers, and inspectors by allowing them to quickly determine whether new commercial or high-rise residential buildings, additions, and alterations meet the requirements of the IECC and ASHRAE Standard 90.1, as well as several state-specific codes. Buildipedia. Structural Steel Framing . http://buildipedia.com/knowledgebase/division-05-metals/05-10-00-structural-metal-framing/05-12-00-structural-steel-framing/05-12-00-structural-steel-framing>. Web July, 22, 2009. Accessed april 24,

Age discrimination in workplace Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Age discrimination in workplace - Essay Example According to Gregory (2001), â€Å"Employers commonly make decisions affecting older workers that assume these workers are no longer capable of performing adequately† (Gregory, 2001, p.4) Age discrimination is one of the major problems in the organizational world nowadays. At the same time, avoidance of experienced workforce is suicidal for an organization. It is better to keep a balanced workforce in organizations which includes both younger and experienced employees. However, many organizations have the habit of avoiding the interests and needs of older employees while they give more importance to the needs and demands of the younger ones. In short, age based discrimination is not a myth but a reality in organizations. According to Torrington et al. (2011), â€Å"Human resource management (HRM) is the basis of all management activity†(Torrington et al., 2011, p.4). Human resource management or HRM is responsible for age discriminations in organizations. Recruitment, r etention, training and development, allocation of jobs, deciding promotions, dispersing remuneration and incentives etc are some of the major human resource functions. Putting the right person at the right place at the right time is a major HRM function. HRM adopts several strategies to identify the right person for a particular job. Age is often a criterion while HRM decides about the recruitment of a candidate to a particular position. The topic age discrimination at workplace attracted me a lot because of the ethical dimensions involved in it. It is unethical to avoid, neglect or discriminate a person because of his age even if he had served admirably in the past for the organization. My father is a victim of age discrimination in current organizations. Even though my father worked hard and brought so many advantages to his organization, a fresh candidate with less qualification was appointed as a manager on top of him. Because of this humiliation, he was forced to resign from hi s organization even though he had a lengthy service with that organization. He discussed some of his bitter experiences with that organization. He has point out that his organization treated him differently while he was young and old. In short, his bitter experience motivated me to research this topic or the age discrimination at workplace more deeply to get more insights about the topic. This paper analyses the various aspects of age discrimination at workplace. HRM & Age Discrimination at Workplace Recent research has highlighted a so-called "prime building block" of HRM – the principle of "AMO". There must be sufficient employees with the necessary ABILITY (skills, knowledge and experience) to do the job; there must be adequate MOTIVATION for them to apply their abilities; and there must be the OPPORTUNITY for them to engage in "discretionary behavior" – to make choices about how their job is done (Buchan, 2004, p.3). From the above findings, it is evident that expe rience plays a vital role in the success of organizations. No organization can develop properly with the help of fresh employees alone. Same way, it is difficult for the organizations to remain competitive if it keeps only experienced employees. A mixed bag of fresh and experienced employees may serve better for an organization. Careful blending of youth and experienced employees may help an organization to develop new ideas and introduce it successfully in the market. Younger generation is capable of bringing new ideas. But these new ideas require the fine tuning from the experienced employees before an organization introduce it succ

Final paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 10

Final paper - Essay Example These three authors also highlighted their views concerning the human nature as well as the ideal system of social justice. Notably, the views of these authors will form the core discussion in this paper. Karl Marx voiced his criticisms against the capitalist ideology, which had become very popular. According to Marx, capitalism comprised of the individuals controlling the production and the workers providing labor. From the onset, Marx made it evident that capitalism led to the division of the society into two conflicting groups. The capitalists made their interests evident because they wanted to use the workers to increase their profits. Karl Marx highlighted that the capitalists were exploiting the workers for their benefits. On the other hand, the workers did not have the means to control production, and had no choice but to work for the capitalists. Capitalism gave birth to the division of labor and specialization. Notably, the capitalists placed compulsion on the workers to be willing to work with technical and unpleasant jobs. In the view of Marx, capitalism led to the division of labor, a factor that degraded the value of humans and reduced them to machines. In addition, capi talism would trigger class struggles in accordance with Marx (Manton and English 377). The capitalists who formed the ruling class defined extreme of the system. The workers on the other hand defined the other extreme. The ruling class with its intention to exploit the workers would continue to oppress them in order to increase their profits. Over time, the workers would fight back. The fighting back, of the working class would be the cause of a conflict between the two classes. Marx also had the conviction that capitalism would lead to alienation. Since many workers did not experience any connection to their work because of their powerlessness alienation would result. Prior to the development of capitalism, many people relied on labor as a reflection of their nature

Critique Of Script 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Critique Of Script 2 - Essay Example The target audience who is in the American society will therefore identify with the story line with coercion. The story line is great and equally entertaining, however, the author does not employ a lot of descriptive language in the script. The story entails an eye witness giving an account of his observation. This does not meet the required threshold and as the script continues it becomes evident that the help of the eye witness was insignificant. It is understandable that they eye witness maybe affected by shock or may never relate the entire scenario as expected but the author does not effectively describe the eye witness as such and therefore leaves the audience guessing on the actual occurrence of the scene. However, the general description is satisfactory thereby earning him an above average score. The author performs exceptionally well in his selection of characters. The American society is constituted of various pressure groups some of which identify discrimination even before an author would possibly think of any. However, the author beats this by balancing his author composition effectively. One of the lead characters in the story, Laura is a woman (Marty 2). Additionally, there are a number of other women characters as the story progresses. This is an indication that the author gave adequate considerations to the gender balance. Additionally, there are other types of racial combination of the American population; the author considers this by using a number of African American characters alongside other marginalized community such as Asians alongside the American whites. This balance in demographic factors of population earns him a nine out of the all possible ten. This being a script, it is obvious of the type of style that the audience expects the author to use. He achieves this by making use of dialogues all in the present tense. This is a basic test that the experienced author easily passes.

Final paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 10

Final paper - Essay Example These three authors also highlighted their views concerning the human nature as well as the ideal system of social justice. Notably, the views of these authors will form the core discussion in this paper. Karl Marx voiced his criticisms against the capitalist ideology, which had become very popular. According to Marx, capitalism comprised of the individuals controlling the production and the workers providing labor. From the onset, Marx made it evident that capitalism led to the division of the society into two conflicting groups. The capitalists made their interests evident because they wanted to use the workers to increase their profits. Karl Marx highlighted that the capitalists were exploiting the workers for their benefits. On the other hand, the workers did not have the means to control production, and had no choice but to work for the capitalists. Capitalism gave birth to the division of labor and specialization. Notably, the capitalists placed compulsion on the workers to be willing to work with technical and unpleasant jobs. In the view of Marx, capitalism led to the division of labor, a factor that degraded the value of humans and reduced them to machines. In addition, capi talism would trigger class struggles in accordance with Marx (Manton and English 377). The capitalists who formed the ruling class defined extreme of the system. The workers on the other hand defined the other extreme. The ruling class with its intention to exploit the workers would continue to oppress them in order to increase their profits. Over time, the workers would fight back. The fighting back, of the working class would be the cause of a conflict between the two classes. Marx also had the conviction that capitalism would lead to alienation. Since many workers did not experience any connection to their work because of their powerlessness alienation would result. Prior to the development of capitalism, many people relied on labor as a reflection of their nature

12 month Integrated Marketing Communication campaign for Nike Coursework

12 month Integrated Marketing Communication campaign for Nike - Coursework Example The business will sell Nike brand of products that it produces to ideal customers cover all classes of people (Joseph, Gregory and Thomas, 2011). The products stand unique in the market because of the affordable prices that they will be charged. The owners of the business are professionals in the industry; this was to ensure that their skills can as well be combined in the production exercise. The business has future projects of expanding its operations to the foreign markets and thereby expands the markets of the business to enable the business increase the sales to greater heights and then maximize on the profits. The marketing communication campaign is very much effective in the attracting and drawing of customers to the business, creating a good image of the business and therefore retaining the loyal customers whose loyalty had been won by the business. It is also important to highlight that this campaign is very much aware of the size of the market segment that is within the capture as well as the market segment it intends to sell Nike product to. The market knowledge is very crucial as a mistake made in the location of the target market is almost to near impossible in correcting (Terence and Craig, 2012). This paper delves in the discussion of Integrated Marketing Campaign, (IMC). This can be defined as the measure that the various firms use in attempt to achieve and reach the set targets, missions, goals and objectives that were put in place during the initial stages of planning. In this approach, it is therefore important to highlight that the techniques that will be used by the firms and business institutions are complementary in nature. This is because each method kind of gives another support in one way or the other and they can be used I place of the other as well since they are all geared towards one target. In this

People Abused Free

People Abused Freedom of Expression in Using Internet Essay The internet allows people to express and communicate with people around the world. It is not only a way to communicate, to share opinions and perspectives but also a source of information which every person could have an easy access. This information may or may not provide genuine idea for the reason of opinionated ways of expressing thoughts. This actually offers extraordinary opportunities for people who want to articulate an opinion about anything. According to Fisher, they can make their thoughts available world-wide more easily than ever been possible before. And today, the internet is becoming not only a site for people in sharing their thoughts, but also a location to disdain others, and to communicate dreadful messages. The internet also offers greater freedom that it has no exact rules in expressing personal thoughts. This freedom, allow people to be free to say whatever they want, placing an extraordinary priority on their own individual rights, frequently to the disadvantage of the right of other people. As said by Willard (1997), the net is a new frontier that offers a kind of freedom not generally formed in the real world. It is an environment where there is not only greater freedom, but where the laws rules, and social standards are not quite as clear or perhaps not quite as enforceable, as we have come to expect in other areas of our lives. She explains that there are people who maintain that they should have the freedom and right to use the internet in whatever way they choose, without regard for the maltreatment they may impose upon others. The power of the internet has broadened over the years since it has distended to include the internet connected devices. Most of homes, schools and even mobile phones today have already internet connectivity. The penetration of these technologies has become very easy for people to spread information for a short time. However, anyone with an internet connection can harass, embarrass, threat, and humiliate almost anyone else. As described by StopCyberBullying. rg, the act such as the threats of violence, hate speech, harassment, peer pressure, bribery, psychological abuse, and extortion are simple refers to cyber bullying. Furthermore, again pointed out by StopCyberBullying. org, that these offenses are occasionally committed by people impersonating someone else, anonymously, or under the deceptive outward appearance of a group, making accountability and preventability difficult. Since, these people feel they are invisible, because the hostility is not face-to-face. This leads them to say what they want online, that they would not usually say in a person and persecute an individual without a fear of having any outcome or consequences, particularly, when they do it using a secret name. Thus, from time to time, inflicting pain on somebody, gives them a boost in their ego. Another reason as stated by StopCyberBullying. org is revenge. People that are victimized may put into practice cyber bullying out of vengeance to get back others for making them unhappy. They may commence protecting themselves, only to find out that they enjoy being a cyber-bully. Also as indicated, periodically people do it for fun because they are tired and impatient and have too much time on their hands. Several also do it only for laughs to get attention and reaction to other people. These reasons proved that people abused freedom of expression while using internet. Social networking sites such as Facebook, Twitter, Tumblr, and Myspace were becoming weapons. They are being misused by the people to harm anyone.

Cosmetology Essay -- essays research papers

Cosmetology Cosmetology is working with skin, hair and nails. Which includes things like hair styling, cutting, coloring, shampooing, manicures, waxing, facials, etc. "More than a half a million people work as cosmetologists." (Careers For Woman Without College Degrees 254) It is a great profession for people who would like to have a career in the beauty industry. It's a great career for a mother in a two income family or if you're just living on your own. This career is not only for woman, it is also great for men. The pay is not that bad, but usually wouldn't workout for a single mother with more than one kid, unless she owned her own business. A beginner will make between $12,000 and $13,000 a year. After you are more experienced you could make between $18,000 to $24,000 a year. There are not any benefits that are definate. When you find a salon to work at, you discuss benefits with the person who hires you, but if you own your own salon, you have no benifits, but you can decide your own vacations. As a cosmetologist you usually would work a full work day. Most people work 44 hours a week, but some work 48 hours or more. There are many ways to get schooling to be a cosmetologist. You could go to either a public or private vocational school, which some high schools offer. You could also go to a beauty school. You ...

Hitchcocks North By Northwest: The Birth of the Modern Action Film Essa

1959 was an exciting year in the history of filmmaking. An extraordinary conjunction of talent throughout the globe existed. In France, Truffaut, Godard, Chabrol, Rohmer, Rivette, and Resnais all directed their first films, thus establishing the French New Wave. In Italy, Fellini created the elegant La Dolce Vita, and Antonioni gave us L’avventura. Most importantly, though, in America, famed British director Alfred Hitchcock gave us the classic thriller North by Northwest, the father of the modern action film. Throughout the history of filmmaking, many different genres have thrived such as the romantic comedy, giving us such classics as Bringing up Baby and His Girl Friday. The war film gave us All Quiet on the Western Front and Paths of Glory. The western gave us Stagecoach and The Searchers. Film Noir gave us such films as Sunset Boulevard and Chinatown. The one modern film genre not existing prior to 1959 was that of the modern action film whose entrance as a genre was inaugurated with the release of Hitchcock’s psychopolitical thriller North by Northwest, starring Cary Grant. North by Northwest is your basic espionage thriller involving mistaken identity and a government conspiracy. Cary Grant plays advertising executive Roger Thornhill, who, one evening at his usual club calls over the page boy when his is paging a Mr. George Kaplan. Two mysterious men observing Grant get the idea that Mr. Thornhill is Mr. Kaplan, not simply a man talking to a boy who is paging him. Believing him to be Mr. Kaplan, the two men kidnap Thornhill at gunpoint and whisk him away to a beautiful mansion somewhere outside the city. An important discussion point is that as to which type of hero Roger Thornhill is. The action hero created through North by Northwest is that of the everyman, only man attractive and witty. He is a reluctant, yet brave, hero. Thornhill is unafraid to make an attempted escape while he is in the captive of these two men. Thornhill is confronted at the house by a vaguely European fellow who demands answers from him. This usage of the seemingly upper class Eurotrash villain will permeate throughout the action film genre from the Die Hard movies to The Fifth Element. Thornhill, of course, has no answers for the man. While being held captive in a library, Cary quips, â€Å"I’ll catch up on my reading.† When they believe his as simply being uncooperative, the... ...ty directly onto the bed of a private room on a train. Lacking the ability to end the picture with a sex scene, Hitchcock cheekily ends the picture with a shot of a train going into a tunnel.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  What marks North by Northwest as the father of the modern action film is that of its hero. He is a contemporary man, with a decent and respectful job (here an advertising executive). As opposed to the heroes of Westerns, who are dark and mysterious characters with shady pasts, in the action film the hero is likeable, attractive, and witty. What made Cary Grant so perfect for the role of Thornhill is that he is attractive to both men and women. â€Å"Cary Grant is the male love object,† said Pauline Kael. â€Å"Men want to be as lucky and enviable as he is—they want to be like him. And women imagine landing him.† The influence of North by Northwest on the action and spy film is immeasurable. It influenced the James Bond series, the Die Hard movies, and even science fiction films such as Total Recall. What Hitchcock did, basically, was create an action film of such quality that directors ever since have been trying to equal its success in story, action, and characterization.

Anthony Burns Essay

Imagine being a slave during the time of the fugitive slave act. Would you run away or would you stay and continue being a slave? If you ran away and you ran to Massachusetts and your master found you would you run from him? The man in this story did, listen as I tell you the sad story of Anthony Burns. Anthony burns was an educated slave that had a white father. His mother was a breeder which meant she had a baby every year. Anthony’s first master treated him like a sun early in the morning and gives him a horse ride. Anthony was very smart. One day his master threw him of his horse in mid air Tony did a somersault and landed on his hand and he flipped over. At the age of nineteen, Anthony Burns escaped slavery in Richmond, traveling by ship to Boston in 1853. In Boston he worked for â€Å"Coffin Pitts, clothing dealer, no. 36 Brattle Street. † On May 24, 1854 he was discovered â€Å"while walking in Court Street† and arrested. As a hub of resistance toward the â€Å"slave power† of the South, many Bostonians reacted by attempting to free Burns. President Franklin Pierce made an example of the case to show he was willing to strongly enforce the Fugitive Slave Act. The show of force turned many New Englanders against slavery who had passively accepted its existence before. On May 26, before Burns’ court case, a crowd of abolitionists of both races, including Thomas Wentworth Higginson and other Bostonians outraged at Burns’ arrest, stormed the court house to free the man. In the melee, Deputy U. S. Marshal James Batchelder was fatally stabbed, becoming the second Marshal to be killed in the line of duty. The police kept control of Burns, but the crowds of opponents, including such African-American abolitionists as Thomas James grew large. While the federal government sent US troops in support, numerous anti-slavery activists arrived in Boston to join the protest and continue the faceoff. It has been estimated the government’s cost of capturing and conducting Burns through the trial was upwards of $40,000. He was eventually taken back to Virginia where he went to a slave prison for a year. Afterward he was sold in North Carolina. Where his friend bought him and sent him to Canada where he lived the rest of his short life. He became a pastor and preached and lived peacefully.

E-marketing Test Paper

Multiple Choice1. E-marketing affects traditional marketing in which of the following ways? a. increases efficiency of traditional marketing functions b. technologically transforms marketing strategies c. marginalizes customer value but increases profitability d. both A and B (d; Moderate; LO2; Use of Information Technology)2. ________ is the subset of e-business focused on transactions that include buying/selling, digital value creation, and virtual marketplaces. a. E-commerce b. E-marketing c. Digital technology d. ESP (a; Easy; LO2; Use of Information Technology)3. Convenient, quick access to digital information has the ability to transform all of the following except ________. a. individuals b. ecosystems c. societies d. businesses (a; Easy; LO1; Use of Information Technology)4. The internet consists of all of the following except ________. a. computers with data b. users who send and receive data files, such as e-mail and text messages c. a technology infrastructure to create, m ove, share, and consume content d. a central mainframe (d; Moderate; LO1; Use of Information Technology)5. Data, such as digital coupons or customer complaints, exchanged between  companies and consumers typically travel via _____, while off-line electronic data collection, such as bar code scanners or databases, shared internally within an organization, travel via ________. a. internet; intranet b. extranet; internet c. extranet; intranet d. the Web; the social network (a; Moderate; LO1; Use of Information Technology)6. All of the following e-marketing technologies exist without the World Wide Web, except ________. a. electronic data interchange b. email c. text messaging d. hypertext navigation (a; Difficult; LO1; Use of Information Technology)7. In its technical performance, the internet supports the following roles except ________. a. human users and computers that access content and send e-mail b. technology infrastructure to move, create, and view content c. content provider s that create information, entertainment, and so forth d. none; all of the above roles are supported by the internet. (d; Moderate; LO4; Use of Information Technology)8. The internet can deliver content to all the following except _________. a. televisions sets b. refrigerators c. video cassette recorders d. automobiles (c ; Easy; LO4; Use of Information Technology)9. According to the text, ________ is the region with largest percentage of internet users. a. Africa b. Asia c. North America d. Europe (b; Moderate; LO5; Multicultural and Diversity Understanding)10. Which of the following outcomes has been cited as a negative one in terms of the world becoming a globally networked world? a. growing class divisions due to digital divide b. removing cultural differences c. efficient markets driven by more workaholism d. all of the above (d; Difficult; LO5; Analytic Skills)11. During the â€Å"first wave of internet disruption† companies essentially offered _________. a. high-end p roducts for mass markets b. tangible products that can be compared easily and purchased at relatively low prices c. commodities available in bulk quantity d. real estate (b; Moderate; LO5; Analytic Skills)12. In the era of the Plateau of Profitability, marketers focused more deliberately on _________. a. their traditional return-on-performance roots and well-grounded strategies b. diversified unique product mixes c. disintermediation of the marketing channel d. product benefits (a; Difficult; p. 11; LO5; Analytic Skills)13. Charles Schwab pitted their online business vs. their established brick and mortar business. Which of the following is not a result of this competition? a. faster growing accounts and assets b. lower prices c. more sales of treasury bonds and less sales of private securities d. incorporation of successful e-marketing strategies (c; Difficult; LO1; Analytic Skills)14. Internet properties, or characteristics, that impact marketing include________. a. global reach b . market deconstruction c. scalable capacity d. all of the above (d; Easy; LO1; Use of Information Technology)15. As consumers become more demanding the internet is a good way to deliver customer value because ________. a. most products on the internet are less expensive than on other marketing channels b. broadband allows marketers to put more cookies on computers c. marketers can send digital coupons to millions of customers instantly d. customers gain ability to create, share, and access information and entertainment at will (d; Moderate; LO3; Reflective Thinking Skills)16. According to the text, ________ predicted that the ‘e’ would drop from e-marketing, suggesting that traditional marketing would evolve and integrate e-marketing principles and practices. a. Levitt Inc. b. Friedman Inc. c. Gartner Inc. d. Jones Inc. (c; Moderate; LO5; Use of Information Technology)17. ________ is leading to a large increase in wireless networks. a. Integration of information techno logy and personal digital assistants (PDA’s) b. Acceptance and usage of mobile phones and other devices by individuals worldwide c. The World Wide Web d. Increasing adoption of high bandwidth (b; Moderate; LO4; Use of Information Technology)18. The internet has the power to do all of the following except ________. a. create global communities based on interests b. decrease cultural and language differences c. prevent the upward mobility of people and countries at lower socioeconomic levels d. discourage workaholism (d; Moderate; LO1; Use of Information Technology)19. Following the boom and bust of the first wave of the internet era, industrialized countries entered the ________. a. boom b. bust c. trough of disillusion d. plateau of profitability (d; Difficult; LO5; Analytic Skills)20. ________ are specific measures designed to evaluate the effectiveness and efficiency of the e-business and e-marketing operations. a. Segmentation variables b. Metrics c. Bench systems d. Site stickiness (b; Easy; LO2; Analytic Skills)True/False21. Individuals can be both users and content providers on the internet. a. True b. False (a; Moderate; LO1; Use of Information Technology)22. According to the text, nowadays the internet should be regarded more as a channel than a place. a. True b. False (b; Moderate; LO5; Analytic Skills)23. E-marketing refers to the result of information technology applied to traditional marketing. a. True b. False (a; Moderate; LO2; Use of Information Technology)24. The internet provides individual users abilities to access information, entertainment, and communication. a. True b. False (a; Easy; LO4; Use of Information Technology)25. The term blog refers to online diaries, or journals, that are updated and shared on Web pages. a. True b. False (a; Moderate; LO4; Use of Information Technology)26. More than 40 percent of global internet users are based in Asia. a. True b. False (a; Difficult; LO5; Multicultural and Diversity Understanding)27. Un solicited communications, such as spam, represent a threat to the positive impact of e-marketing practices. a. True b. False (a; Moderate; LO1; Use of Information Technology)28. Electronic marketing relies exclusively upon web-based technology. a. True b. False (b; Difficult; LO5; Use of Information Technology)29. The internet has shifted the balance of power from sellers to buyers. a. True b. False (a; Easy; LO3; Reflective Thinking Skills)30. Gartner Inc. forecasted that the ‘e’ in e-business and e-marketing will eventually be dropped, as electronic practices become more standard. a. True b. False (a; Moderate; LO5; Analytic Skills)31. The internet is largely the product of ARPANET, a project commissioned by the United States’ Department of Defense. a. True b. False (a; Difficult; LO5; Use of Information Technology)32. Co-creation occurs when consumers /users help marketers develop products or promotional materials. a. True b. False (a; Easy; LO3; Reflective Th inking Skills)Essay Questions33. What is the difference between the internet, an extranet and an intranet?The internet is a global network of interconnected computers. Access to the internet is very broad and open. An extranet is two or more proprietary or company owned networks that are joined to share information. Access to this network is limited. An intranet is an internal network for a company that uses internet standards. Access is limited to internal company use only. (Easy; LO1; Use of Information Technology)34. What is a content provider on the internet?Content providers are individuals and organizations that create digital text, video, audio, and graphics to be sent over the internet to users who receive it as information, entertainment or communications.(Moderate; LO1; Analytic Skills)35. Define what community means for the internet and give examples.Communities for the internet are groups of users who come together to share information, hold discussions and exchange data . Examples include blogs or web logs, auctions, and peer-to peer networking. (Easy; LO1; Analytic Skills)36. Concerning internet usage, what is the digital divide?Internet adoption is affected by money, literacy, and education. This creates a divide between those who have access to the internet and those who don’t. It impairs the upward mobility of those on the lower socioeconomic level, who don’t have access to the internet and the information that comes with it. This impacts individuals on the lower socioeconomic levels and those living in less developed countries. (Moderate; LO5; Reflective Thinking Skills)37. Why did some manufacturers such as Levis stop selling on the internet?Channel Conflict with retail accounts Cannibalization Inefficiency (Moderate; LO1; Analytic Skills)38. The strength of the internet has affected traditional marketing in several ways. List five of them and how they affected marketing.Power shift from sellers to buyers (focus on customer rela tionship management) Market Fragmentation (more focus on small target markets and 1 to 1 marketing) Death of distance or geographic location affect (less focus on place for marketing) Time Compression (24/7 availability)Knowledge management is key (Track results in real time and focus on database analysis) Interdisciplinary focus (Marketers must understand technology and use it wisely) Intellectual Capital rules (focus on creativity and imagination) (Difficult; LO5; Reflective Thinking Skills)39. Marketers face new challenges with the advent of streaming, on-demand, and other digital video recorders. What is the main challenge and what have companies like TIVO or Hulu done to alleviate some of the concerns of marketers?The main challenge is the ability of consumers to speed through and skip commercials that advertisers have paid for based on their ability to communicate with consumers. TIVO (Hulu) has setup content with advertising included that viewers can watch at their leisure an d TIVO (Hulu) can provide specific metrics to the advertisers on these programs. (Difficult; LO4; Reflective Thinking Skills)

History of Buddhism

Dr. Klein describes the history of Buddhism, important figures in the movement and stories of the beginning of Buddhism. She discusses the nature of death in Buddhism, in several contexts. Death is an incentive because once one realizes one's human life will inevitably end, life becomes even more important. Motivation to make good use of one’s life exists because even though rebirth is guaranteed, the quality of that rebirth is not.The Buddhist focus on spiritual develpment will help one recognize the inevitability of death as well as face it without fear. The goal of a Buddhist to escape cyclic existence(enter heaven and avoid hell), is the first of element of religious practice in Indo-Tibetan tradition. The idea of rebirth leads to the next element which is compassion. With the idea of rebirth, comes a concern for others. The third essential religious practice is wisdom.In Buddhism, the process of dying consists of eight distinct visions that correspond with the consciousne ss leaving the specific parts of the body. Klein notes that a skilled mediator can simulate this experience at will giving them in control of the experience. This article is well organized and is based on a variety of different sources. It is very detailed and covers a wide scope of material related to Buddhism. Klein seems very informed on the topic but does not offer opinions or personal input.Buddhism fosters a view of personal responsibility instead of fatalism. This is a responsible concept for human beings to live by. Contemplating death to eliminate the fear is a concrete and real way to handle death. Also, not being overly dramatic when consoling the dying (as though not to cause feelings of regret) is a great idea. I think that is an interesting concept that can help the dying and the people consoling them deal with the experience in a more rational way.

The Globalization of the Food System Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Globalization of the Food System - Essay Example The majority of the countries around the globe appear to be headed in a similar direction in terms of globalization of food (Inglis and Gimlin 110). There are different circumstances that affect the food security of different nations and in different ratios. Their impacts on the populations health also differ greatly. Many new countries are currently joining the process as a result of the fiscal and political reforms in their countries. These include nations such as South Africa, India, Columbia and many more around the globe (Ronald, 75). For example, the Colombian government eliminated tariffs on imports, which led to an increase in the nation’s imports. These imports have in turn impacted the livestock sector positively since their livestock always have enough food to eat. Since the year 1990, the supply along with the demand of food has been changing gradually. This has brought about the sprout and expansion of supermarkets across the globe, so as to supply the demands of consumers. The demand for food is increasing due to the increase in cases of urbanization around the globe along with the ease of accessibility of refrigeration facilities. The supply of food across the globe has greatly been advanced as a result of more freedoms in the market, investments from foreign nations and improvements made in technology (Behnassi, Draggan and Sanni 67). Urbanization has caused changes in the eating habits of the people along with changes in their health. By the year 2001, about 48% of the world’s population was living in urban areas, which included 76% of the people in first world countries. It is also estimated that 40% of the populations living in third world countries live in urban centers. Research from different scholars suggests that people excessively flock to urban centers due to poverty and the need to feed their families. This leads the urban centers becoming centers of scarcity since food and other resources are limited. Other researchers suggest that excessive poverty in the rural areas causes people to migrate to urban areas to have better living standards. The food situation in developing nations has worsened, and this is due to the fact that there is inequality in the trading opportunities countries get. The food situation in many developing nations is also adversely being affected by various issues. These issues include the dumping of exports in these countries by developed nations, the lack of subsidies by their governments on agricultural activities and the use of tariffs, which are unfair. Most agriculturally productive areas in the rural areas have also been destroyed thus endangering the peoples food security. This in turn reduces the people’s returns from agricultural activities (Behnassi, Draggan and Sanni123). Changes in the dietary habits of the people living in urban areas leads to poor health and nutrition among them. Previous studies carried out suggest that countries with most people living i n urban areas have greater GDP’s than those with fewer people. These issues also affect the mortality rate among the infants in a nation. Countries having greater GDP’s tend to experience greater communal and fiscal inequalities (Vaidya 157). Globalization of the food system has brought changes to the people’s diet. This has been influenced by the changes in the people’s incomes and the prices charged for the products. The prices and incomes of the people influence the availability and delivery

Can Advertisers Catch Your Attention Research Paper

Can Advertisers Catch Your Attention - Research Paper Example It will further explain why the advertisement did a good job in convincing the target market into taking action and suggest other ways the advertisers could get the target market’s attention. The Brand The anti-obesity theme in the â€Å"coming together† campaign by Coca-Cola is attention-catching as it touches on a sensitive issue in the American community and, indeed, worldwide. The corporate branding that runs for two minutes was well thought, planned and executed. Most consumers react favorably when advertisers communicate with them with respect and intelligence (Statt, 1977). It marked a strategic and successful shift from the traditional humorous and dreamy approach consumers have long associated with the brand. â€Å"Coming together† applies serious commentary to a similarly serious matter in America, and its authenticity is acknowledged and appreciated in the responses received from consumers. The advertisement shows that the brand is evolving with times, innovating constantly to meet the dynamic needs and wants of consumers. The Target Group The advertisement is designed to appeal to a diverse target group. Looking at it from the perspective of female consumers aged between 21 and 35, one appreciates the fact that the brand has tackled the menace of obesity in a sincere and straightforward manner. For male consumers in the same age bracket, they get a feeling that the brand cares for its consumers’ health in America and around the world. For consumers aged 50 and above, â€Å"coming together† shows, in a very educational way, that change can be achieved if all people work together, exhibiting a sense of corporate responsibility by the brand. The advertisement has the power to take a consumer through the process of creating awareness, imparting product knowledge and develop a liking that leads to purchase. Effectiveness of the Advertisement â€Å"Coming together† was effective in convincing the consumers to take action by using a theme that emphasizes sensible choices in a bid to meet calorie and nutritional needs of individuals. All stakeholders must collaborate to have workable solutions to the obesity problem. Awareness is created among consumers that all beverages and foods have a belonging in a sensible and balanced diet, accompanied by physical activity. The informative nature of the advertisement provides consumers with more options that facilitate informed decisions. The brands collaboration with the Center for Disease Control and Prevention and the Department of Health and Human Services shows the level of seriousness invested into bringing quality and healthy products for human consumption, which is easily an attraction to most consumers (Stuart, 2012). Alternative Way for Advertisers to get Attention Another way advertisers could get consumers’ attention would be to segment the market and target different groups through different media. For example, the older generation i s known to have a preference for the print media. Therefore, advertisements in the real estate or stock markets would generally reach them through newspapers or magazines. On the other hand, the younger generation spends a considerable amount of their time online, therefore, web based advertisements can easily get their attention. A survey showed that 42 percent of college students in America watch TV or listen to radio online

Wilmot's Proviso and the Kansas-Nebraska Act Assignment

Wilmot's Proviso and the Kansas-Nebraska Act - Assignment Example Two of these factors were the Wilmot’s Proviso of 1846 and Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854. Both the Wilmot’s Proviso amendment to the bill and the Kansas-Nebraska Act addressed the issue of slavery in the newly ceded territories to America. Wilmot’s Proviso proved to be anti-slavery while the Kansas Nebraska Act was established as pro-slavery in nature. Wilmot’s Proviso condemned slavery and claimed that â€Å"neither slavery nor involuntary servitude shall ever exist† (ushistory.org). This amendment was heartily accepted by the people of northern anti-slavery territories whereas the southern pro-slavery activists strongly opposed it. This resulted in clashes between individuals united by the country flag but divided by geographic demarcation. Wilmot’s proviso was approved by the House of Representatives number of times, but was never passed in Senate and hence never enjoyed the status of a law. Though history does not record loss of lives on this account, it nevertheless was the start of a bitter enmity among the people of USA and a breeding point for the Civil War. On the other hand, Kansas-Nebraska Act proposed that people should be free to decide whether slavery should be practiced in their territories or not. This Act was particularly famous amongst the southern pro-slavery masses and infuriated the northern anti-slavery population. After this Act was passed, people heavily migrated to Kansas to influence the forthcoming elections. This resulted in scuffles all over Kansas causing bloodshed. This brought the pro-slavery and anti-slavery activists in combat on many notions, rejecting the results of the elections on bases of rigging. Federal troops were called in to stop the violence and establish peace while the pro-slavery legislatures were dispersed. Even so, the next few elections were discarded on same charges. These political power games continued till the Civil War was declared in the region. Though both Wilmot’s Proviso

The Subprime Meltdown Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Subprime Meltdown - Essay Example (Gordon, 2008). The less stringent regulations for financial sector encouraged banks and other financial institutions to go on lending spree by defying prudent lending practices and lend into those areas which were historically considered as bad credit areas. Subprime mortgages is also the part of same sequences under which banks financed mortgages of those borrowers who had the histories of default. Based on the concept of high risk-high reward, banks and financial institutions devised products which catered the needs of subprime borrowers which ultimately resulted into the crisis as subprime borrowers started to default on their payments. The problem emerged when, through financial innovation, banks and financial institutions securitized those mortgages and issued fixed income securities whose payments were tied with the repayments received from subprime mortgage repayments. The process of securitization thus created essentially the mismatch between cash flows which finally culmina ted into the crises. This research paper will attempt to analyse and understand how and why crisis emerged, where the crisis emerged and the possible role of hedge funds into crises besides discussing its impact on world financial markets in general and Australian Financial Markets specially. "Sub-Prime lendSubprime lending "Sub-Prime lending typically has been characterized as lending at relatively costly interest rates and fees to credit impaired or otherwise high risk borrowers." (Lax, Manti, Raca, & Zorn, 2004). Sub prime lending is relatively a new and a popular especially for mortgage loans like interest loans. These types of loans are typically targeted to first time buyers of homes or borrowers with restricted capacity to finance new home purchase. Most of the homeowners tend to use this class of borrowing in order to consolidate their debts or when their credit ratings fall to a level where they can be declared as bankrupts mainly due to the fact that their available funds are utilized in some other resourcess such as high medical bills etc. (Blanton, 2005). Subprime lending became famous for many reasons. On one hand it not catered the needs of low quality customers but also provided an opportunity to the financial institutions to charge high amount of interest rates and other fees therefore b anks, spotting the opportunity to earn high started to lend extensively in this area. Due to this perceived high reward, financial institutions take the risk because it is compensated through better returns. Subprime lending- a problem Most of the subprime lending has been made in mortgage markets. It was because of this reason that homeownership increased tremendously over the period of time besides being favorite of the persons with loose credit ratings and a history of defaults. With the advent of financial innovation which took place especially after 1970s saw the emergence of financial derivatives as one of the most important financial instruments for banks to use in different situations. Banks, in order to regain the lost liquidity used in subprime lending started to securitize their mortgage portfolios by issuing mortgaged backed securities. However,